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将ArchLinux写入进u盘
推荐使用Rufus，轻巧简便
写入方式为GPT
启动方式务必选择UEFI
开始安装
Bios设置从U盘启动，建议连网，通过ssh安装，复制命令方便
我使用的arch镜像为20.01.1
准备工作
wifi-menu //选择连接wifi systemctl start sshd //开启ssh passwd //设置一个密码
后面的版本使用iwctl管理无线，请查阅wiki
这里我使用的Xshell 6进行操作（个人版免费使用，上官网操作一下，会发邮件给你，邮件里面有下载地址）
调整时间
timedatectl set-ntp true
查看硬盘分分区
fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 1.32 TiB, 1440290267136 bytes, 2813066928 sectors Disk model: GLOWAY STK1.5TS3 Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: F2822167-2B39-4099-92EC-5E45F4198A73 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sda1 34 32767 32734 16M Microsoft reserved /dev/sda2 32768 1048608767 1048576000 500G Microsoft basic data /dev/sda3 1048608768 1258323967 209715200 100G Microsoft basic data /dev/sda4 1258323968 1677754367 419430400 200G Microsoft basic data
进行分区，分两个区 300M EFI和204G LVM
fdisk /dev/sda
#新建分区 /dev/sda5
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (5-128, default 5):
First sector (1677754368-2813066894, default 1677754368):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1677754368-2813066894, default 2813066894): +300M
#新建分区 /dev/sda6
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (6-128, default 6):
First sector (1678368768-2813066894, default 1678368768):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1678368768-2813066894, default 2813066894): +204G
#将 /dev/sda5 的分区类型改为 EFI System
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-6, default 6): 5
Partition type (type L to list all types): 1
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'EFI System'.
#保存
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
格式化一下新建的两个分区
mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sda5 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda6
现在的分区
fdisk -l /dev/sda Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sda1 34 32767 32734 16M Microsoft reserved /dev/sda2 32768 1048608767 1048576000 500G Microsoft basic data /dev/sda3 1048608768 1258323967 209715200 100G Microsoft basic data /dev/sda4 1258323968 1677754367 419430400 200G Microsoft basic data /dev/sda5 1677754368 1678368767 614400 300M EFI System /dev/sda6 1678368768 2106187775 427819008 204G Linux filesystem
建立物理卷
pvcreate /dev/sda6
建立卷组,命名为arch,加入到/dev/sda6
vgcreate arch /dev/sda6
分卷
lvcreate -L 50G arch -n root lvcreate -L 150G arch -n home lvcreate -l +100%FREE arch -n swap
格式化
mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/arch-root mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/arch-home mkswap /dev/mapper/arch-swap
开启swap
swapon /dev/mapper/arch-swap
挂载lvm分区
mount /dev/mapper/arch-root /mnt mkdir /mnt/boot /mnt/home mount /dev/sda5 /mnt/boot mount /dev/mapper/arch-home /mnt/home
将国内镜像源放在最前面
vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist ---------------------------------------------------------------- Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch Server = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch Server = https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch Server = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch # 腾讯云内网专用 Server = http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
正式开始安装
AMD
pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware base-devel lvm2 vim os-prober amd-ucode dhclient dialog dhcpcd openssh wget wireless-regdb wireless_tools wpa_supplicant efibootmgr networkmanager
INTEL
pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware base-devel lvm2 vim os-prober intel-ucode dhclient dialog dhcpcd openssh wget wireless-regdb wireless_tools wpa_supplicant efibootmgr networkmanager
配置系统并检查
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab cat /mnt/etc/fstab
Chroot
arch-chroot /mnt
设置时间
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime hwclock --systohc date
配置Locale，加在前面即可
vim /etc/locale.gen -------------------------------- en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8 UTF-8
然后执行
locale-gen
设置locale.conf
vim /etc/locale.conf -------------------------------- LANG=en_US.UTF-8
网络hostname设置
vim /etc/hostname ------------------------ Yourname
hosts设置
vim /etc/hosts ------------------------------------------- 127.0.0.1 localhost ::1 localhost 192.168.123.232 Yourname.localdomain Yourname
lvm配置 在block 和 filesystems之间添加lvm2
vim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- HOOKS=(base udev autodetect modconf block lvm2 filesystems keyboard fsck)
然后应用此配置
mkinitcpio -p linux
两种引导方式的安装（二选一）
使用grub引导
pacman -S grub efibootmgr grub-install --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=grub grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
重启后再执行（不是现在，请看收尾工作）
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
使用systemd-boot 引导
安装 systemd-boot 到 EFI 分区中
bootctl --path=/boot$esp install
配置 /boot/loader/loader.conf
vim /boot/loader/loader.conf --------------- default arch.conf timeout 4 console-mode auto editor no
配置 /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf
vim /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf -------------------------- title Arch Linux (LVM) linux /vmlinuz-linux initrd /amd-ucode.img initrd /initramfs-linux.img options root=/dev/mapper/arch-root rw
如果你是Intel的CPU，则改成
title Arch Linux (LVM) linux /vmlinuz-linux initrd /intel-ucode.img initrd /initramfs-linux.img options root=/dev/mapper/arch-root rw
收尾
开启NetworkManager连接wifi
systemctl enable NetworkManager //输入nmtui连接WiFi nmtui
设置root密码
passwd
退出并重启
exit umount -R /mnt reboot
重启后配置
建议暂时开启ssh
重启后不会自动启动sshd，并且不支持root登陆，需要修改配置文件
开启ssh后可以在另一台设备复制粘贴命令
#编辑 /etc/ssh/sshd_config vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config #在文件末尾增加 PermitRootLogin yes #然后启动sshd systemctl start sshd
安装haveged
pacman -Syu haveged systemctl start haveged systemctl enable haveged
配置ArchLinuxCN原
/etc/pacman.conf 文件末尾添加以下两行：
[archlinuxcn] Server = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/archlinuxcn/$arch
安装私钥
pacman -Sy archlinuxcn-keyring
如果出现 (invalid or corrupted package (PGP signature)).
请使用 pacman-key 导入私钥
rm -fr /etc/pacman.d/gnupg pacman-key --init pacman-key --populate archlinux pacman-key --populate archlinuxcn
配置Aur源
安装yay
pacman -S yay
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